The production of ferroniobium at the Niobec mine

This paper describes the process used at Niobec in the production of ferroniobium once the ore is brought from the underground mine. It also briefly presents the Niobec operation, which is celebrating its 25th anniversary as a niobium producer. The metallurgical process is not a straightforward operation and requires many steps before delivering ferroniobium to our customer. The concentration of pyrochlore ores is known to be a very complex process. In the case of Niobec, the process requires some 15 different types of reagents, a sophisticated control system, and the process is very sensitive to pH control. Finally, the article is written to enable most readers to understand the various steps in the production of ferroniobium. (AU)